誰在反對停火(II)

之前有這篇，題目是「誰在反對停火，反對人道主義援助？」，發佈在2023年10月19日星期四，算是第一篇(I)

主要內容：聯合國安理會 (United Nations Security Council) 表決

10月16日，俄羅斯提出 以哈停火決議草案，呼籲以哈立即實行人道主義停火；強烈譴責針對平民的一切暴力及恐怖主義行為；呼籲釋放所有人質；燃料和醫療等人道主義援助 ，很明顯，美國和以色列都會覺得燃料不能放鬆，停火不可接受。決議草案未獲通過。

10月18日，巴西提出草案譴責哈瑪斯，並敦促保護平民，向平民提供電、水、燃料、糧食、醫療，敦促撤銷要求民眾撤離加薩走廊北部的命令，很明顯，美國和以色列都會覺得電和燃料不能放鬆，撤銷撤離令不可接受。草案在美國投反對票下未獲通過。

10月25日，到美國提出草案，先看正式內容，聯合國安理會9453RD MEETING (PM) NOTE

By the terms of the United States’ draft resolution, the Council would have unequivocally (明確地) rejected and condemned the heinous terrorist attacks by Hamas and other terrorist groups that took place in Israel starting 7 October.  It would have reaffirmed (重申) the inherent right (固有權利) of all States to individual and collective (集體) self-defence (自衛), adding that in responding to terrorist attacks, Member States must fully comply with all their obligations under international law.

By other terms, the Council would have also demanded the immediate and unconditional release of all remaining hostages taken by Hamas and other terrorist groups and called for all measures, specifically to include humanitarian pauses (基於人道的暫停), to allow the full, rapid, safe, and unhindered humanitarian access (人道實施).

美國提出自衛的權利和所謂「人道暫停」，並無提出例如糧食燃料等援助建議，只提所謂「人道實施」，也沒有任何停火字眼。如果只是最基本的人道，只容得瀕死下暫停，實在太少。

(POE AI插圖 人道支援)

德國之聲又如何報道呢？內容由YAHOO轉載，以下是節錄：

美國起草的決議重申了以色列的自衛權，敦促尊重國際法——尤其是保護平民——並呼籲“人道主義暫停”，以便向加沙提供急需的援助。投票中，10個國家投了贊成票，俄羅斯、中國和阿拉伯聯合酋長國投了反對票，巴西和莫桑比克投了棄權票。由於安理會常任理事國俄羅斯和中國投了否決票，決議未獲通過。

再看看俄羅斯的草案：

By the terms of the Russian Federation’s draft, the Council would have called for an immediate, durable and fully respected humanitarian ceasefire (停火), firmly condemned all violence and hostilities against civilians and unequivocally rejected and condemned both the heinous attacks by Hamas in Israel starting 7 October and the taking of civilian hostages.

By other terms, it would have called for all measures(用盡一切方法), such as humanitarian pauses (基於人道的暫停) and establishment of humanitarian corridors(人道走廊), necessary to allow humanitarian agencies and their implementing partners full (全面), rapid, safe and unhindered access (實施) to all affected areas (所有受影響地方) in Gaza.  It would have also urged the immediate rescission (撤銷) of the order for civilians and UN staff to evacuate (撤離令) all areas of Gaza north of the Wadi Gaza and relocate to the south.

美國和以色列都會覺得停火不可接受，撤銷撤離令不可接受，人道走廊，全面的和全地區的人道實施都不可接受。草案未獲通過。

(POE AI插圖 期待停火)

祝願世界和平！

後記，補充於10月28日，聯合國大會(不同於安理會)在27日下午以壓倒性票數 (西方國家中，法國投了贊成票；英國、德國和意大利棄權；美國和奧地利等投反對票) 通過決議，要求以色列和巴勒斯坦武裝組織哈瑪斯立即人道主義停火。並要求讓援助物資送進慘受戰火蹂躪的加沙地帶。這項由阿拉伯國家起草的決議不具約束力，但具政治影響力。美國一如以往，繼續反對停火，理由是決議中未能點名「10月7日恐怖攻擊的凶手」。